Fangshan Mountain

Overview

Fangshan lies within the territory of Zhishan administrative village, Jingqiao Town, Lishui District, in the Ningzhenyang hill country. That location comes from section 1.1 of the 2022 paper by Liu Chun and others in the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, whose study area is the Fangshan small watershed.

Elevation: the paper writes that Fangshan, above 220 m, is the highest peak in the area, and also gives 174 m for a woodland sample plot on the mountain's western slope. The first figure describes the peaks of the study area and gives only a range above 220 m, not a surveyed summit elevation; the second is a sampling point, not the summit. The entry declares elevation_m in gaps and writes only "above 220 m" in the body, never as an exact elevation.

Parent rock: the paper records that Fangshan's parent rock is mainly sandstone and mudstone, with limestone in places.

Administrative division: the district government's administrative divisions page records that Jingqiao Town has a villagers' committee named Zhishan, written there in abbreviated form. The district's land spatial plan near-term implementation plan lists Fangshan together with Fushan, Donglu Mountain, Huifeng Mountain, Qiuhu Mountain and Wuxiang Mountain in its section on landforms, describing the mountains as guarding the east and south in a continuous chain. The entry records Jingqiao Town.

Basin: neither the paper nor the government documents name Fangshan's basin, so the entry records it as undetermined.

One further point: the district forestry farm runs four sub-farms, at Donglu, Fangshan, Qiuhu and Pingshan, as recorded in the soil section of the Master Plan for the Wuxiang Mountain National Forest Park, Nanjing (2023-2035). The relation between that sub-farm and the Zhishan administrative village of the paper is not stated, and is set out under Open questions.

Formation and change

Fangshan lies in the Ningzhenyang hill country. The district's land spatial plan near-term implementation plan records that Lishui falls from south-east to north-west, that low hills cover 72.5 per cent of the district, and that the landform of hills, ridges, slopes and valley floors interlocking in three steps; Fangshan stands within the continuous chain that guards the east and south.

Rock and soil: the paper records that the parent rock is mainly sandstone and mudstone with limestone in places; going up the south-western foot of the mountain the ground passes through hilly gentle slopes and valley floors between slopes; the soil at the foot is yellow-brown earth, and the valley floors have long been cultivated as paddy fields, mostly with a hydromorphic paddy soil, deep and thick.

Vegetation and use: the paper records that the mountain's woodland is a forest protection area still holding subtropical evergreen mixed forest; the slopes at the foot, apart from retained collective woodland, have largely been opened as orchards, vegetable plots or dry fields of maize and coarse grains. Forest protection area is the paper's own wording, not a legal designation in the protected area registers; this site does not write a protection level from it, and sets no designation.

No first-tier source has been found for the age or structural setting of the massif, so nothing is written here.

Landscape and visiting

The vegetation of Fangshan is chiefly subtropical evergreen mixed forest, on the paper's account. Table 1 of the paper gives a woodland sample plot on the western slope at 174 m, at 31°29′28.44″N, 119°8′27.19″E; sampling was in November 2020, covering four soil landscapes within the Fangshan small watershed, namely woodland, orchard, dry field and paddy field. That coordinate is the position of a sampling plot, not the summit, so the coordinates field is not filled.

No first-tier source has been found for walking routes, viewing facilities, tickets or opening times on Fangshan, so no visiting detail is given; readers who need it should go to the district culture and tourism department and the township authorities. Opening information is current to September 2026.

Open questions

• Elevation gap: the statement that Fangshan above 220 m is the highest peak in the area is the paper's description of the peaks of its study area and gives only a range, not a surveyed summit elevation. The entry declares elevation_m in gaps and writes only "above 220 m" in the body.
• The phrase "in the area" means the territory of Zhishan administrative village, where the study area lies, not the whole of Lishui District; it must not be compared with, or rewritten from, the 368.5 m highest elevation in the district government's contingency plans.
• Two administrative accounts: the paper places Fangshan in Zhishan administrative village, Jingqiao Town, while the forest park plan records a Fangshan sub-farm run by the district forestry farm. Whether the two refer to the same massif is stated by neither, so the entry records Jingqiao Town only and sets the two side by side.
• Basin undetermined: neither the paper nor the government documents name Fangshan's basin, so the entry records it as undetermined rather than inferring one.
• Forest protection area is the paper's wording, not a name in the legal registers of protected areas; this site writes no protection level from it and sets no designation.
• Two sets of climate figures: the paper gives an annual mean temperature of 16.4 °C, annual rainfall of 1147.0 mm and annual sunshine of 1969.0 hours; the district government's geographical position page gives 16.4 °C, 1204.3 mm and 1980.0 hours. The two are shown side by side with their sources, neither averaged nor split.
• The sampling coordinate in the paper marks a sample plot only, so the coordinates field is not filled; it must not be written as the summit coordinate of Fangshan.